I title this post with the original name of Memorial Day, the holiday which by federal decree is observed each year on the last Monday of May. Originally, Decoration Day, as it was titled, commemorated those who died fighting to preserve the Union during the Civil War, with the placing of flowers upon their graves. The date fixed was May 30, for no particular reason, as far as I know. One explanation I have heard is that by that date, flowers would be in bloom everywhere in the country. This Decoration Day was decreed by the head of the GAR, the Grand Army of the Republic, an association of Union veterans, and did not include Confederate dead.
Efforts throughout the South established Confederate Decoration Day, on dates that were as independent as the former rebellious states had shown themselves. Some dates were chosen to mark prominent Confederate heroes, such as Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson. At least one, Virigina’s Decoration Day, was set on May 30, joining the Union observation.
By the turn of the century, Decoration Day was renamed Memorial Day, and eventually became a day to commemorate all fallen soldiers of any state in any war. General George Thomas, tasked by General Sherman after the battles in Chattanooga with establishing a military cemetery, selected a site close to Orchard Knob, where he, Grant and other generals had watched the displacement of the Confederate forces from Missionary Ridge, which resulted in victory.
Thomas was a native Virginian, who elected to remain loyal to the Union rather than fight for his state. This conviction, and his no doubt difficult relations with his former brother officers who felt otherwise, and went for the Confederacy, may have prompted his famous remark to his subordinates about the layout of graves at Chattanooga. Asked if the dead were to be grouped by their units, raised from each of their native states, Thomas reportedly said, “No, No, mix them all up. I’m sick of state’s rights.”
Thomas’s view was not shared in regard to the Confederate dead, and no rebels were buried in the Chattanooga Cemetery to my knowledge. Only after the first World War were all the dead of all the wars commemorated together on Memorial Day. I hope that a few old Confederates may have rested with their adversaries at Chattanooga at last. There is a Confederate Cemetery out at Silverdale, east of Chattanooga, kept up by the Chattanooga Area Relic and Historical Association.
May all the dead who died loyal to their notion of duty, and to the country they loved, be remembered every day, holiday or not.